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Ferrero–Washington theorem : ウィキペディア英語版
Ferrero–Washington theorem
In algebraic number theory, the Ferrero–Washington theorem, proved first by and later by , states that Iwasawa's μ-invariant vanishes for cyclotomic Z''p''-extensions of abelian algebraic number fields.
==History==
introduced the μ-invariant of a Z''p''-extension and observed that it was zero in all cases he calculated. used a computer to check that it vanishes for the cyclotomic Z''p''-extension of the rationals for all primes less than 4000.
later conjectured that the μ-invariant vanishes for any Z''p''-extension, but shortly after discovered examples of non-cyclotomic extensions of number fields with non-vanishing μ-invariant showing that his original conjecture was wrong. He suggested, however, that the conjecture might still hold for cyclotomic Z''p''-extensions.
showed that the vanishing of the μ-invariant for cyclotomic Z''p''-extensions of the rationals is equivalent to certain congruences between Bernoulli numbers, and showed that the μ-invariant vanishes in these cases by proving that these congruences hold.

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